Optimal. Leaf size=237 \[ \frac{x \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}+\frac{\left (b-\frac{4 a c+b^2}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}+\frac{\left (b \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+4 a c+b^2\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right )}{2 \sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}} \]
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Rubi [A] time = 0.357826, antiderivative size = 237, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 4, integrand size = 20, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.2, Rules used = {1585, 1120, 1166, 205} \[ \frac{x \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}+\frac{\left (b-\frac{4 a c+b^2}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}+\frac{\left (b \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+4 a c+b^2\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right )}{2 \sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 1585
Rule 1120
Rule 1166
Rule 205
Rubi steps
\begin{align*} \int \frac{x^6}{\left (a x+b x^3+c x^5\right )^2} \, dx &=\int \frac{x^4}{\left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^2} \, dx\\ &=\frac{x \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-\frac{\int \frac{2 a-b x^2}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}\\ &=\frac{x \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-\frac{\left (b^2+4 a c-b \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}\right ) \int \frac{1}{\frac{b}{2}-\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+c x^2} \, dx}{4 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2}}+\frac{\left (b^2+4 a c+b \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}\right ) \int \frac{1}{\frac{b}{2}+\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+c x^2} \, dx}{4 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2}}\\ &=\frac{x \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-\frac{\left (b^2+4 a c-b \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}+\frac{\left (b^2+4 a c+b \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b+\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt{b+\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\\ \end{align*}
Mathematica [A] time = 0.440714, size = 235, normalized size = 0.99 \[ \frac{1}{4} \left (\frac{2 \left (2 a x+b x^3\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}+\frac{\sqrt{2} \left (b \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}-4 a c-b^2\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt{c} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}+\frac{\sqrt{2} \left (b \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+4 a c+b^2\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right )}{\sqrt{c} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right ) \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [B] time = 0.026, size = 452, normalized size = 1.9 \begin{align*}{\frac{1}{c{x}^{4}+b{x}^{2}+a} \left ( -{\frac{b{x}^{3}}{8\,ac-2\,{b}^{2}}}-{\frac{ax}{4\,ac-{b}^{2}}} \right ) }-{\frac{\sqrt{2}b}{16\,ac-4\,{b}^{2}}\arctan \left ({cx\sqrt{2}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{ \left ( b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) c}}}} \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{ \left ( b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) c}}}}-{\frac{c\sqrt{2}a}{4\,ac-{b}^{2}}\arctan \left ({cx\sqrt{2}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{ \left ( b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) c}}}} \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}}}}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{ \left ( b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) c}}}}-{\frac{\sqrt{2}{b}^{2}}{16\,ac-4\,{b}^{2}}\arctan \left ({cx\sqrt{2}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{ \left ( b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) c}}}} \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}}}}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{ \left ( b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) c}}}}+{\frac{\sqrt{2}b}{16\,ac-4\,{b}^{2}}{\it Artanh} \left ({cx\sqrt{2}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{ \left ( -b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) c}}}} \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{ \left ( -b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) c}}}}-{\frac{c\sqrt{2}a}{4\,ac-{b}^{2}}{\it Artanh} \left ({cx\sqrt{2}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{ \left ( -b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) c}}}} \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}}}}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{ \left ( -b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) c}}}}-{\frac{\sqrt{2}{b}^{2}}{16\,ac-4\,{b}^{2}}{\it Artanh} \left ({cx\sqrt{2}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{ \left ( -b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) c}}}} \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}}}}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{ \left ( -b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) c}}}} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{result too large to display} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [B] time = 1.39542, size = 3584, normalized size = 15.12 \begin{align*} \text{result too large to display} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [A] time = 3.35899, size = 294, normalized size = 1.24 \begin{align*} - \frac{2 a x + b x^{3}}{8 a^{2} c - 2 a b^{2} + x^{4} \left (8 a c^{2} - 2 b^{2} c\right ) + x^{2} \left (8 a b c - 2 b^{3}\right )} + \operatorname{RootSum}{\left (t^{4} \left (1048576 a^{6} c^{7} - 1572864 a^{5} b^{2} c^{6} + 983040 a^{4} b^{4} c^{5} - 327680 a^{3} b^{6} c^{4} + 61440 a^{2} b^{8} c^{3} - 6144 a b^{10} c^{2} + 256 b^{12} c\right ) + t^{2} \left (- 12288 a^{4} b c^{4} + 8192 a^{3} b^{3} c^{3} - 1536 a^{2} b^{5} c^{2} + 16 b^{9}\right ) + 16 a^{3} c^{2} + 24 a^{2} b^{2} c + 9 a b^{4}, \left ( t \mapsto t \log{\left (x + \frac{16384 t^{3} a^{3} b c^{4} - 12288 t^{3} a^{2} b^{3} c^{3} + 3072 t^{3} a b^{5} c^{2} - 256 t^{3} b^{7} c + 64 t a^{2} c^{2} - 128 t a b^{2} c - 4 t b^{4}}{4 a c + 3 b^{2}} \right )} \right )\right )} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F(-2)] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Exception raised: NotImplementedError} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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